PRACTICE - PRESENT AND PAST TENSES REVIEW

1. Write PRESENT SIMPLE or PRESENT CONTINUOUS as necessary in each case: 

   1. They _________________ (play) at the park at the moment.

   2. Leslie ____________________ (walk) every morning.

   3. I  ______________________ (study) English on Fridays.

   4. My parents ________________________ (talk) to their best friends right now.

   5. You sometimes ____________________ (meet) your friends.

   6. Listen! She _______________________ (sing) our favourite song.

2. COMPLETE WITH THE PAST SIMPLE OF “TO BE”:

   1.  That student _________________ intelligent.

   2.  ______________ your parents happy with your marks? Yes, _____________________

   3. The dog _________________ (not) ill.

   4. _____________ your grandson at home? No, ______________________

   5. The books ________________________ (not) old.

3.  PAST SIMPLE – Regular verbs - Build sentences in the affirmative form:

   1. They _________________________ (celebrate) a party.

   2. Jill _________________________ (cook) dinner.

   3. The children _______________________ (study) French.

   4. The teacher __________________________ (correct) the activities.

   5. The man _____________________ (dance) very well.

4.  PAST SIMPLE – Irregular verbs -Build sentences in the affirmative form:

   1. They _________________________ (forget) my birthday.

   2. Jill _________________________ (see) the car.

   3. The children _______________________ (go) to school.

   4. The man __________________________ (lose) his luggage.

   5. The boy _____________________ (break) the window.

5.  PAST SIMPLE - Build sentences in the negative form: 

   1. They ___________________________ (not travel) to New York.

   2. Nora and Peter ____________________________ (not drink) any tea.

   3. The students ______________________ (not know) the answer.

   4. Your brother ___________________ (not celebrate) a party.

   5. The boss ______________________ (not write) the e-mails.

6.  PAST SIMPLE. Build sentences in the interrogative form:

   1. _________ she __________________ (read) the book?

   2. __________ you ____________________ (play) the piano?

   3. _____________ the boys _________________ (eat) any chocolate?

   4. ____________ the cat __________________ (jump) from the roof?

GRAMMAR - “BE GOING TO”: PLANS, INTENTIONS (“IR A …”)

AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES	NEGATIVE SENTENCES	INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
I’M + going to + V You’RE + going to + V   He’S + going to + V She’S + going to + V It’S + going to + V   We’RE + going to + V You’RE + going to + V They’RE + going to + V	I’M NOT + going to + V You AREN’T + going to + V   He ISN’T + going to + V She ISN’T + going to + V It ISN’T + going to + V   We AREN’T + going to + V You AREN’T + going to + V They AREN’T + going to + V	AM I + going to + V? ARE you + going to + V?   IS he + going to + V? IS she + going to + V? IS it + going to + V?   ARE we + going to + V? ARE you + going to + V? ARE they + going to + V?

WRITING SKILL - PHYSICAL AND PERSONAL DESCRIPTION

VOCABULARY: PERSONALITY – “WHAT ARE YOU LIKE?”

CRUEL: CRUEL	BAD: MALO/A
GOOD: BUENO/A	SHY: TÍMIDO/A
HONEST: HONESTO/A	FRIENDLY: SIMPÁTICO/A
NICE: AGRADABLE	KIND: AMABLE

VOCABULARY: PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

WHAT DO YOU LOOK LIKE? ¿CÓMO ERES FÍSICAMENTE?	→ I AM ...... YEARS OLD. → TENGO .....  AÑOS. OLD (VIEJO) ≠ YOUNG (JOVEN)
WOMEN (MUJERES): BEAUTIFUL (HERMOSA), PRETTY (GUAPA) ≠ UGLY (FEA) MEN (HOMBRES): HANDSOME (GUAPO) ≠ UGLY (FEO)	HAIR (PELO): LONG (LARGO) ≠ SHORT (CORTO). CURLY (RIZADO) ≠ STRAIGHT (LISO) DARK(OSCURO) ≠ FAIR (CLARO), BLOND (RUBIO); BROWN  (CASTAÑO), BLACK (NEGRO).
EYES (OJOS): BIG (GRANDES) ≠ SMALL (PEQUEÑOS) BLUE (AZUL), GREEN (VERDE), BROWN (MARRÓN), BLACK (NEGRO).	BODY (CUERPO): TALL (ALTO) ≠ SHORT (BAJO) FAT (GORDO) ≠ SLIM (DELGADO) STRONG (FUERTE) ≠ WEAK (DÉBIL)

COMPOSITION MODEL: DESCRIBING A PERSON

My name is (name) and I am (number) years old. I am (adjective for age). I am (adjective for general physical appearance).

 I have got (length, type, colour) hair. I have got (size, colour) eyes. I have got / haven’t got glasses. I am (adjective for height) and (adjective for weight).

Personally, I am ___________________ and ______________________ (personality adjectives). But I am not __________________ or ___________________ (personality adjectives). According to my friends / family, I am (personality adjective). I agree/disagree with them!

That’s all about my physical appearance and my personality / Now you know a little bit about me. What about you? 

GRAMMAR - THE PLURAL OF NOUNS IN ENGLISH: THEORY AND PRACTICE

THE PLURAL FORM: SPELLING RULES

1. Add -s for the majority of nouns in English:

Examples: Book - Books;   Cat  - Cats;   Girl - Girls;   House - Houses; Dog - Dogs.

2. Add -es after sibillants (-s, -ss, -sh, -ch, -x):

Examples: Kiss - Kisses;   Dish - Dishes;   Match - Matches;   Box - Boxes.

3. Nouns ending in consonant + y: y – ies.

Examples: City - Cities;   Lady - Ladies. BUT: Boy - Boys;   Key - Keys.

4. IRREGULAR FORMS:

(a) -f, -fe in plural: -ves.

Examples: Loaf - Loaves;     Wife - Wives;      Knife - Knives. 

(b) -oo in plural: -ee. Foot - Feet;     Tooth - Teeth;    Goose - Geese.

(c) Animal nouns ending in -ouse in plural: -ice.

Mouse - Mice;   Louse - Lice.

(d) Food ending in –o in plural: -es.

Potato - Potatoes;   Tomato - Tomatoes.

(e) HUMANS:

 Person - People;   Man - Men;   Woman - Women;   Child - Children.

(f) Nouns which don't change their singular form in the plural:

Fish - Fish;    Sheep - Sheep.

EXERCISE – WRITE THE PLURAL FORM OF THESE WORDS:

TREE	MAN
ROOM	TURKEY
BABY	FISH
TOMATO	TOY
CAR	FOOT
CHILD	KNIFE
CAT	WATCH

GRAMMAR - "USED TO"/"WOULD", "BE"/"GET USED TO": USES AND FORMS

1. GRAMMAR: “USED TO” AND “WOULD”

A - USED TO + INFINITIVE: PAST STATES, HABITS AND ACTIONS. SPANISH: “SOLÍA ….”

Affirmative form: 

I used to have pets (Yo solía tener mascotas) / He used to smoke (Él solía fumar) / They used to walk every day (Ellos solían pasear todos los días).

Negative form: DID NOT /DIDN’T USE TO + INFINITIVE

I didn’t use to have pets / He didn’t use to smoke / They didn’t use to walk every day.

Interrogative form: DID + S + USE TO + INFINITIVE? 

Did I use to have pets? / Did he use to smoke? / Did they use to walk every day?

B - WOULD + INFINITIVE: PAST ACTIONS. SPANISH: VERBO PRINCIPAL EN IMPERFECTO DE INDICATIVO.

They would walk every day (Ellos andaban todos los días) / We would go to the beach in the summer (Nosotros íbamos a la playa en verano) / She would sing in a choir (Ella cantaba en un coro).

PAY ATTENTION: "USED TO" and "WOULD" can only be used in the Simple Past Tense. In the Present Simple tense, we use "usually" instead. E.g.: I usually read at night. (Yo suelo leer por la noche). 

2. GRAMMAR: “BE USED TO” AND “GET USED TO”

A – BE USED TO + GERUND: “ESTAR ACOSTUMBRADO A + INFINITIVO”

I’m used to celebrating my birthday every year (Estoy acostumbrado a celebrar mi cumpleaños todos los años) / My brother is used to getting up early (Mi hermano está acostumbrado a madrugar)

B – GET USED TO + GERUND:  “ACOSTUMBRARSE A + INFINITIVO”

I’m getting used to working ten hours a day (Me estoy acostumbrando a trabajar diez horas al día) / We got used to living in cold temperatures (Nos acostumbramos a vivir con bajas temperaturas) / They will soon get used to speaking Italian all the time (Ellos se acostumbrarán pronto a hablar italiano todo el tiempo).

PAY ATTENTION: "BE USED TO" and "GET USED TO" can be used in present, past and future tenses.

GRAMMAR - EXERCISES: PAST SIMPLE AND PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

1. PAST SIMPLE or PRESENT PERFECT? Choose the correct form:  

1. I started / have started my German classes last week.

2. You can go out now. The rain stopped / has stopped.

3. Christopher Columbus discovered / has discovered America in 1492.

4. I met / have met your boyfriend recently.

5. The Industrial Revolution began / has begun in the eighteenth century.

6. We watched / have watched this film before.

7. Your neighbours travelled / have travelled abroad two years ago.

8. I didn’t sleep / haven’t slept well in the last days.

9. Have you seen / Did you see Mary lately?

10. My aunt published / has published a new post on her blog on Saturday.

2. Complete the sentences using the PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE or THE PAST SIMPLE:
1. I __________________________ (study) for my English exam the day before yesterday.

2. __________ you ever _____________________ (eat) exotic food?
3. My parents ______________________ (talk) to my French teacher a lot lately.

4. Nora ___________________________ (write) several poems in the last weeks.

5. I ___________________________ (not read) any romantic novels.
6. John ___________________________ (send) that e-mail some days ago.

7. _____________ they _________________ (visit) their grandma recently?

8. I ______________ never __________________ (go) to  Iceland.

9. My grandfather _________________ (die) in 2012.
10. I __________________________ (hear) from your brother before but I can’t remember when I        _____________________ (hear) about him for the last time.

3. Complete the following biography with the PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE or THE PAST SIMPLE of the verbs in brackets:

   William Bradley "Brad" Pitt ____________ (be) born in Oklahoma on December 18, 1963.   He is   an American actor and film producer. Some people say he is one of the world's  most attractive men. Pitt ____________________________ (receive) two Academy Award nominations and four Golden Globe Award nominations. He  ________________ (be) awarded with 1 Golden Globe Award in 1995 and he ____________________ (win) an Academy Award in 2013.

   Pitt ______________________(begin) his acting career with television guest appearances in the 1980s, which __________________________ (include) a role on the CBS soap opera Dallas in 1987. He  (gain) recognition as the cowboy hitchhiker in the movie Thelma & Louise in 1991. In 1995, he _________________________ (give) critically acclaimed performances in the crime thriller Seven and the science fiction film Twelve Monkeys. He ______________________________ (have) his biggest commercial successes with Troy and Mr. & Mrs. Smith. Pitt ______________________(receive) his second Academy Award nomination for his performance in the title role in the 2008 film The Curious Case of Benjamin Button.

   Pitt _____________ (be) married to actress Jennifer Aniston from 2002 to 20007. However, they _____________________ (divorce) in 2008, because he __________________ (fall) in love with the actress Angelina Jolie. He _____________________ (live)with her for 5 years now. This relationship ________________always _______________________ (attract) worldwide media attention. Since beginning his relationship with Jolie, Pitt  _________________________________ (become) increasingly involved in social issues, both in the United States and internationally. 

Because of his social concerns and his professional career, most people  considers him to be an admirable celebrity.

4.  Write a BIOGRAPHY about a famous person you admire, following the model above (approximately 100 words).