GRAMMAR - ADVERBS OF MANNER

USE: 

Adverbs of manner describe how actions happen or how things are done. 

Linking verbs: There are certain verbs that take adjectives instead of adverbs because they connect the subject to a word that describes it, not the action.

Forms of "be": am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being

Senses: sound, smell, taste, feel

State of Being / Condition: 

     Appear, become, come, fall, get, grow, keep, look, turn, prove, remain, seem, stay.

POSITION:

- We put adverbs of manner after the verb when there is no object: She runs rapidly.

 - We put them after the verb + object: Miguel speaks English perfectly.

- With verbs of movement we put them after adverbial phrases of place: I go home early.

- In questions, we put them at the end of the sentence: Doesn’t she play the piano beautifully?

FORMATION:

In general, we form adverbs of manner by adding –ly to the adjective: slow → slowly.

Adjectives ending in consonant + y, change y to i+-ly: happy → happily.

Adjectives ending in –e don’t omit it: brave → bravely. Except: true →truly, due → duly.

Adjectives ending in –able /-ible change the –e to –y: probable → probably.

IRREGULAR ADVERBS:

"Flat adverbs" remain in the exact same form as their adjective counterparts: early, fast, hard, late, low, straight.

Attention - Some adverbs have a -ly form, but its meaning changes completely: bare, hard, late, scarce, short.

Nora drives fast. We travelled far. They work hard. The athlete jumped high. She never comes late. 

Attention - Adjective "good": My friend is a good football player. → Adverb "well": My friend plays football well.

COMPARISON OF ADVERBS:

- Adverbs ending in -ly form the comparative of superiority with MORE and the superlative of superiority with MOST:

slowly → more slowly →  most slowly

happily → more happily → most happily

carefully → more carefully → most carefully

- One-syllable adverbs form the comparative of superiority adding -ER and the superlative of superiority adding -EST:

fast→ faster →  fastest

late→  later → latest

hard→ harder → hardest

high → higher → highest

- Some adverbs form the comparative and superlative forms of superiority irregularly:

badly → worse →  worst

well →  better → best

far → farther /further→ farthest/furthest

- All the adverbs form the comparative of inferiority with LESS and the superlative of inferiority with LEAST:

slowly → less slowly →  least slowly

happily → less happily → least happily

carefully → less carefully → least carefully

fast → less fast →  least fast

- All the adverbs form the comparative of equality using AS... AS

late →  as late as 

badly → as badly as